domingo, 4 de septiembre de 2011

Preposiciones ¿Cual?


PREPOSITIONS
Everything has a place or a position in relationship to everything else. Prepositions are words or phrases that help show where something is, or bring out some relationship between nouns or noun-substitutes (pronouns, gerunds, etc. ) They come before the noun or pronoun.

Often we have difficulty choosing the correct preposition to use after certain words.  The following list may be helpful.- 

According to
Disagree with
Part from (somebody)
Afflict with
Disappointed in (something)
Part with (something)
Agree to (something)
Disappointed with (somebody)
Prevail on
Agree with (somebody)
Disgusted at (something)
Protest against
Aim at
Disgusted with (somebody)
Pursuit of
Angry with
Dislike for
Recoil from
Ashamed of
Divide among (many)
Regard for
Attack on
Divide between (two)
Rely on
Blame for
Equal to
Similar to
Change for (something)
Filled with
Suffer from
Change with (somebody)
Full of
Tired of (something)
Comment on
Good for
Tired with (action)
Complain of
Guilty of
Thirst for (or after)
Confer with
Indignant at (something)
Vexed at (something)
Conscious of
Indignant with (somebody)
Vexed with (somebody)
Defiance of
Inspired by
Victim of
Despair of
Interfere with
Wait for (person, thing)
Die of
Invasion of
Wait upon (somebody)
Differ from (opinion)
Meddle with
Write about (something)
Differ with (somebody)
Opposite to
Write to (somebody)

Todo ocupa un lugar o posición con relación a las demás cosas. Las preposiciones son palabras que nos ayudan a ver donde se encuentra algo, o bien indican la relación que existe entre nombres, pronombres, etc. Anteceden al nombre o pronombre. Dicho de otro modo, son partículas que sirven para enlazar las palabras unas con otras.

En muchos casos no estamos seguros de que preposición usar antes o después de una palabra determinada. A continuación damos una lista que puede ser de utilidad. 

domingo, 28 de agosto de 2011

Conjunciones


Conjunciones

Las conjunciones se usan para conectar palabras, frases, o cláusulas.  Hay dos tipos:

Conjunciones de coordinación conectan frases de rangos iguales =
Conjunciones condicionales conectan frases de rangos desiguales = 
Adverbios también pueden conectar o relacionar frases y se llaman adverbios de conjunción=  
............ 
 CONJUNCTIONS 

Conjunctions are used to connect words, phrases or clauses.  There are two kinds:

Coordinating conjunctions connect clauses of equal rank= and, but, or, nor, for, and sometimes so and yet.
Subordinating conjunctions connect clauses that are not of equal rank= if, although, since, in order that, as, because, unless, after, before, until, when, whenever, where, while, wherever.
Adverbs can also connect or relate main clauses= conjunctive adverbs= however, therefore, nevertheless, hence, then, besides, moreover, thus, otherwise, consequently, accordingly.

Examples:
Move your chair forward BUT only a little.
You may study Algebra IF you have finished all your basic math courses.
He always sings WHILE he works in the garden.
He has not finished his thesis, NOR has he started looking for a job.
I am learning English HOWEVER I am only on level one.   

jueves, 25 de agosto de 2011

Gender / Género


El Género de los sustantivos:
La mayoría de las palabras en Inglés no tienen género; por ejemplo la palabra chico se refiere a una persona masculina pero la palabra misma es neutro, y no tiene un final que concuerda con artículos, pronombres, ni adjetivos de su género.   En cambio, hay ciertas palabras que nombran cosas que son o femeninas o masculinos aunque las palabras mismas son neutras o comunes. 

*Ejemplos de palabras diferentes usados para el masculino y femenino:

*Ejemplos de palabras donde el final cambia para formar el nombre del masculino y femenino:

*Ejemplos de palabras compuestas que tienen diferente formas de masculino y femenino:   

Nouns of Gender:
Most words in English do not have a gender; that is for example the word boy refers to a masculine person but the noun itself is neutral and does not have endings to agree with pronouns, articles, nor adjectives.   However there are times that certain words indicate females and other words indicate males even though the words themselves are common or neuter. 

Examples of different words used for the masculine and the feminine:
Bull / cow
Lord / lady
Father / mother
Rooster / hen
Mare / stallion
Brother / sister
Son / daughter
Buck / doe
Man / woman
Uncle / aunt
Boar / sow

Boy / girl
Nephew / niece
King / queen


Examples of different words where the ending changes to form the masculine and feminine:
Hunter / huntress
God / goddess
Actor / actress
Lion / lioness
Prince / princess
Prophet / prophetess
Priest / priestess

Master / mistress
Host / hostess
Waiter / waitress

Manager / manageress
Poet / poetess
Duke / duchess

Giant / giantess
Hero / heroine
Count / countess


Examples of different compound words that have different masculine and feminine forms:
Landlord / landlady
Cockrobin / hen-robin
Policeman / policewoman

Peacock / peahen
Hegoat / shegoat
Nurse / male-nurse



domingo, 14 de agosto de 2011

Silent E....¿Porque el E es mudo?


WHY of the Silent  /e/????  ¿Porque la E es muda?
  
Hay cinco razones principales por la E muda al final de las palabras:

La E hace que la vocal anterior diga su nombre.
Palabras en Ingles no terminan en u o v por lo normal. (Menu y palabras derivado del francés son excepciones). True.
La E muda sigue la c o g para que sus sonidos serán suaves. 
La silaba segunda “dle” necesita un vocal (también con tle, ble, etc.).
En algunas palabras, parece que no tiene propósito en particular. Talvez sea del Ingles antiguo. 

......................  

There are five main reasons for the silent “e” at the end of words:

The “e” helps the vowel say its long sound – ie. Take.
English words do not usually end with u or v.  (Menu, and such words derived from French are exceptions.) ie. True, love.
The silent e follows the c and g so their sounds will be soft.  ie. Singe, mince.
The second syllable “dle” needs a vowel (so also with tle, ble, etc.) ie. Candle.
In some words, there is no particular purpose for the silent e. It is perhaps just left over from old English spelling.  ie. House, are, promise.  

domingo, 7 de agosto de 2011

Fonética- combinaciones de letras

FINAL CONSONANT DIGRAPHS: ch, sh, th, ng

A final consonant digraph is one which is heard at the end of a word (two letters combined to make one sound).

Pronounce these words and listen for the sounds of the final consonant digraphs:

ch in preach                  th in bath
sh in brush                   ng in bring

Use the words, ending in a digraph, from the box below to complete the sentence. Be sure you know all the vocabulary.

1. Can you ________________ me how to knit?
2. Once a year my father makes a record of my ________________ .
3. It is more fun to play on a___________________ than on a slide.
4. In the early morning, the air is ____________________and cool.
5. A baby kangaroo lives in its mother's ______________.
6. Did you blow out the candles with one ___________________ ?
7. I saw the   _____________   of light from the explosion.
8. Have you ever been ________________by a bee?
9. Keep your dog on a ________________ in the park.
10. A big __________________ of grapes was on the table.
11. The house was one mile__________________ of the town.
12.  I could not remember _________________ way to go.
13.  The fireman told us not to keep _______________ in the basement.
14.  Would you like a sliced __________________for dessert?
15.   Sometimes things are cheaper if you pay _____________ .


growth
fresh
south
breath
which
pouch
flash
swing
teach
bunch
leash
stung
trash
cash
peach

domingo, 31 de julio de 2011

Consonant Diagraph "CH"

Consonant  diagraph= two consonants that make one sound.

CH    … It can sound hard-  such as in choir, Christmas
             … It can sound soft- as a sh such as in chivalry
            …. It can be spelled with “ch”, “tch” or “tu”
Soft ch/ch
Soft ch/ tch
Soft ch/tu
Chat
Match
Furniture
Such
Witch
Picture
Much
Switch
Lecture
Dutch
Crutch
Pasture
Chap
Scratch
Century
Chill
Batch
Nature
Rich
Catch
Mixture
Chip
Itch
Literature
 chop
Stretch
Creature
bench
patch
future

“Consonant diagraph”= dos consonantes que combinan para hacer un solo sonido
“CH”: puede tener un sonido duro- como en las palabras “choir, Christmas”
          … puede tener un sonido suave- como un /sh/ en “chivalry”
          … puede ser deletreado con “ch, tch, o tu”

Practica estas Traga Lenguas-------Practice these Tongue Twisters:
Charles is a cheerful chicken-farmer.  He chuckles at the chance of a choice chicken to chew for his lunch.